Numerical and experimental assessment of hydrogen enrichment effects on ci engine characteristics fuelled with dual biodiesel blends: A comprehensive study

Peer-reviewed experimental research demonstrating that hydrogen enrichment (12H₂) combined with dual biodiesel blend (juliflora and kapok B20) achieved significant improvements: 11.5% increase in brake thermal efficiency, 10.9% reduction in CO/HC emissions, 11.5% reduction in smoke, and 14.6% reduction in NOx emissions compared to diesel. Results validated through RSM optimization and ANN predictive modeling.

Study focuses on laboratory engine testing; does not address real-world scalability, cost-effectiveness, hydrogen production methods, or infrastructure requirements for practical vehicle deployment. The NOx emissions trade-off and hydrogen storage/safety challenges are not fully explored.